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Network Infrastructure Magazine | Tuesday, June 22, 2021
Biometrics is a technique for identifying individuals based on one or more physiological or behavioural characteristics. This type of data is used to determine the user's identity and to assign an access ID. Users benefit from biometric access control systems because the information carriers are always with them and cannot be lost or fabricated.
FREMONT, CA: Biometric recognition is the process of an individual presenting his or her unique biometric parameter and comparing it to the entire database of publicly available data. Biometric readers are commonly used to retrieve this type of personal information. Biometric identification systems are classified into two broad categories based on their operation principle: physical and behavioural
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Physical Biometric
Physical biometrics analyses data such as facial features, eye structure (retina or iris), finger parameters (papillary lines, relief, joint length, etc.), palm (print or topography), hand shape, vein pattern of the wrist, and heat pattern. Physical biometrics have become increasingly popular, for example, controlling smartphone and laptop access. For example, some significant airports scan the iris for security purposes. The data is stored in an international database, and the next time they pass control, individuals do not have to queue their passports. Instead, they perform eye scanning.
It is particularly critical for banks to deny actions confirmed by biometric identifiers. Healthcare facilities are implementing biometric technologies to improve patient safety, efficiency, and reduction of errors. In addition, biometric technologies are actively integrated into electronic recording systems to safeguard patient information.
Pros
A person's identifier cannot be forgotten, lost, or passed on. Therefore, after verifying the identifier, everybody can state that this individual was identified with a high degree of certainty.
Recreating (faking) an identifier is quite tricky.
Computers automate and completely automate the process of biometric identification.
Identification can be carried out invisibly (transparently) for an individual.
Cons
The necessity for precise biometric identification requires specific environmental conditions.
There may be instances when biometric identifiers are damaged or rendered unreadable.
Biometric scanners are pretty expensive for many biometric identification systems.
It is necessary to adhere to regulator-imposed requirements regarding the protection of personal biometric data.
Behavioural Biometric
Behavioral biometrics involves collecting various data. Combining behavioural characteristics in different mathematical algorithms allows users to obtain a more multifaceted user profile that will enable users to remove fraudsters. Behavioral biometrics are also called passive because when operating, users need not take any additional steps. For example, they need not put their finger on a dedicated button or speak in a microphone.
Pros
An individual set of behavioural characteristics is analysed.
No custom script change to perform identification: seamless integration method.
Improves accuracy in multifactor identification systems.
Cons
Identification inaccuracies may arise because user behaviour is not always constant as they can behave differently in different situations due to fatigue, drunkenness, unwell or trivial haste.
Not widely adopted behavioural biometrics.
Requires many personal data to determine a user's standard behaviour.
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