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Network Infrastructure Magazine | Wednesday, January 19, 2022
IP network transformation is updating a telecom network operator's core network to migrate away from voice-over TDM.
FREMONT, CA: IP network transformation is updating a telecom network operator's core network to migrate from voice calls using TDM signaling on a circuit-switched architecture to VoIP calls using SIP signaling on a packet-switched infrastructure.
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Time-division multiplexing (TDM) is a technique for transmitting and receiving numerous simultaneous signals via a shared connection in which each signal occupies only a fraction of time in a repeating pattern, and synchronized circuit switches reconstruct each discrete signal at each end of the connection. This was the primary way of facilitating numerous concurrent voice calls over a single line in the second half of the twentieth century's telecommunications infrastructure.
Voice over IP (VoIP) gained prominence in the twenty-first century to facilitate voice communications over Internet services. VoIP became a feasible alternative to TDM in telecommunications infrastructure when broadband technology spread and was paired with SIP signaling.
Network operators and their customers can gain numerous benefits by upgrading their legacy Class 5 switches and migrating their core network infrastructure from TDM and circuit-switched to VoIP, SIP, and packet-switched architecture:
• Packet-switched infrastructure and associated connections may be more cost-effective, compact, and energy-efficient than circuit-switched infrastructure. Certain all-IP components and functions can also be virtualized for even more cost-effective and efficient cloud computing.
• Over broadband connections, network operators can offer more advanced applications and services.
• Subscribers to VoIP services typically pay less than they do for traditional phone services.
To shift from TDM to VoIP, network operators must modify their core network. Typically, they will need to maintain existing TDM connections and calling services while incorporating VoIP capability. There are two primary architectures available to network operators:
The Next Generation Network (NGN) is an all-IP voice network design that emulates classic Class 5 services and features. A typical NGN system or calls agent for SIP signaling and call, a media gateway for TDM connections, a telephony application server, and a session border controller for security and interoperability.
The IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a 3GPP-defined all-IP functional architecture for transmitting multimedia applications such as voice and video. IMS requires a defined set of logical functional components, including a Call Session Control Function, Application Servers, Media Servers, and a variety of gateways.
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